Friction mechanism for resisting strains.



No. 670,320. Patented Mar. le, |00|. E. L. Jmruav.l

FHICTION MECHANISM FUR HESISTING STRINS.

(Application mea me. 7, 1900.; (no Model.) 4 'sheets-sheet l.

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No. 670,320. Patented Mar. I9, 190i.

R. E. L.'JANNEY. FRICTION MECHANISM FR RESISTING STBAINS.

(Application filed Dec. 7, 1900. (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2,

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No. 670,320. Patented Mar. I9, |901. R. E'. L. JANNEY.

FRICTION MECHANISM FOR RESISTING STRAINS.

(Application Bled Dec. 7, 1900.

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No. 670,320. Patented Mar. I9, 190|.

nfl-1. L. JANNEY.

FMCTIN MECHANISM FR RESISTING STRAINS.

(Application filed Dec. 7, 1900.;

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

lUriTTnn b'TnTns PATENT Ormes'.

ROBERT E. L. JANNEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FREGTEON WlEGHANlSlt/l FOR RESESTING STRAINS.1

SPECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 670,320, dated. March19, 1901.

Application tiled December 7, 1900. Serial No. 39,037. (No modei.)M

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Be it known that 1, ROBERT E. L. JANNEY, a citizen of the United States,residing in the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, and State of NewYork, have invented new and useful Improvements in Friction Mechanismfor Resisting Strains, of which the following is a specification. l

Hy invention relates to mechanism for affording a frictional resistanceto a strain in conjunction with that afforded by a spring or springsplaced under tension by said strain, and has for its object to provide afriction member or members that will be rotated by the strain to beresisted against adjacent friction-surfaces and also, if desired,against each other.

In the drawings accompanying this speciiication 1 have illustratedseveral forms of application of my novel construction, the same beingdesigned more particularly for use in connection with the draft-riggingof railwaycars, though, as shown, it is equally applicable to car-trucksand other analogous uses, and 1 do not therefore limit myself toany-particular use, as the same is adapted to be applied wherever aspring is employed to resist a strain. Y.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinalsectional view of a draft-rigging embodying one form of my improvedconstruction. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is avertical transverse sectional view taken on the line 3 3, Fig. 2. Figs.4 and 5 are detail perspective views of my improved friction members.Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing another form ofmyimprovement. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 2 of the constructionshown in Fig. 6. Fig. S is a View similar to Fig. 3, taken on the line 88, Fig. 7. Figs. 9, 10, and llare detail perspective views of thefriction members shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8. Fig. 12 is a detail sideelevation of the springs and their retaining parts, the same being apreferred construction. 13 is aview similar to Fig. 1, illustratingstill another forni of myimprovement. Fig. 1e is a view similar to Fig.2 of the construction shown in Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a view similar toFig. 3, taken on the line 15 15, Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a detailperspective view of two of the friction members shown in Figs. 13, 1a,and 15. Fig. 17 is a detail side elevation of a cartruck, showing aslightlymodified form of my improved construction applied thereto as atruck-spring. Fig. 18 is an enlarged detail vertical sectional View ofone of the truclcsprings and its parts'shown in Fig. 17. Fig. 19 is adetail perspective View of the friction members of one of saidtrucksprings. Fig. 20 is a detail bottom plan view of the lower one ofsaid members shown in Fig. 19.

Similar numerals of reference denote as far as possible correspondingparts in the several views.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 to 5, the numeral 1 denotes thefloor of the car; 2, the interior end cross-beam thereof; 3, theexterior bnffmg-block, and i the longitudinal draft-tim bers,havingbolted thereto the usual draft-irons or cheek-pieces 5, between whichlies the shank 6 of the draw-bar in the usual manner. Bolted to therearend of said drawbar 6 is the yoke or loop 7, extending thence to andaround the movable parts ofthe draftrigging, inclosing the same in thewell-known manner.

Located within the enlarged portion of the yoke or loop 7 are thefollowers 8 and 9, the former abutting against the rear end of thedraw-bar 6, while the latter abuts against the rear end of the yoke orloop 7, as shown. These followers extend outward on both sides to almostthe extreme width between the draft-timbers 4C and normally contact withthe shoulders 10, formed on the draft-irons 5, as clearly shown in Fig.2. Also located within the yoke or loop 7 and between the followers 8and 9 are the two friction members 1l and Y12, the former beingcup-shaped and having the diagonal slots 13 therein, while the latter isprovided with wings 14, having diagonal lugs 15 exteriorly thereon,adapted to register with the slots 13 in member l1. Located between andwithin these friction members 11 and 12 are the usual concentric coiledsprings 16 and 17, the same being preferably retained togetherindependentlyv of the friction members by means of Jthe end plates 18and 19 and screw-bolt 20, the said plates being suitably recessedcentrally to receive the head 21 and nut 22 of said screw-bolt, therecess in plate 19 for the nut 22 being large enough to IOO permit saidnut to be adjusted. It will be observed that the friction members 11 and 12 and the followers S and 9 are centrally apertured to receive thenut 22 or head 21 of the bolt 20 therein under the bufling or pullingcompression of the parts, as will be readily understood.

From the above description the operation of my improved constructionwill be understood to be as follows: When the parts are in theirnormally-expanded position, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) due to the tensionof springs 16 and 17, the followers S and 9 will abut against theirrespective shoulders 10 on the draft-irons 5, and the outer ends of thelugs l5 of friction member 12 willjust enga-ge in the slots 16 offriction member 11, as seen in Fig. 2. Now when a bufing strain, forinstance, is im parted to the draw-bar 6 the yoke 7, follower S,friction member 12, and plate 18 will be forced backward, thus compressing the springs 16 and 17 against the plate 19, said plate', aswell as friction member 11, being retained against rearward movement bythe abutment of follower 9 against its shoulders 1() on draft-irons 5.At the same time, however, the rearward movement of friction member 12will cause its lugs 15 to enter more deeply into the slots 13 offriction member 11, and the diagonal arrangement of said lugs and slotswith respect to said friction members will necessarily cause the latterto rotate bodily on a central horizontal axis, thus causing saidfriction members to grind not only against the exterior followers 8 and9, but also against the plates 1S and 19, thus exert ing a materialfrictional resistance against the rearward movement of the draw-bar. During a pulling strain exerted on the draw-bar 6 it will be understoodthat the above-described operation is reversed with respect to all theparts except the rotation of the friction members 11 and 12, the yoke orloop 7, follower 9, friction member 11, and plate 19 movingi'orward,while plate 1S, friction member 12, and follower S relnain stationary,due to the engagement of the latter against its shoulders 10, and saidfriction members. being again rotated in the same direction, as hereinbefore described.

In Figs. l5 to 11 I have illustrated a somewhat diiferent construction,the parts being the same as those shown in Figs. 1 to 5, eX- cept thatthere are three friction members 23, 24, and 25 instead of two, themember 23 being located at one end against the lfollower S and beingprovided with wings 26, having di agonal slots 27 therein, while themembers 24 and 25 have each a wing 28 with a diagonal lug 29 thereonadapted to register with one of the slots 27 in the friction member 23,said members 24 and 25 having located therebetween the follower 9, allas shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The operation of this construction is thesame as that of Figs. 1 to 5, except that by providing three frictionmembers instead of two the frietional resistance is increased throughthe rotation of the friction members 24 and 25 each against the follower9 as well as against the rear end of the strap or yoke 7 and the plate19, it being understood that said members 24 and 25 are rotated inopposite directions.

In Figs. 13 to 16 I have illustrated a still different construction,there being four friction members 30, 31, 32, and 33, the same eachconsisting of a plate having projecting diagonally therefrom an arm 34.These friction members are arranged in pairs near each end of the yokeor strap 7, and their arms 34 con tact with cam-surfaces 35; preferablylocated on the inner side of the yoke or loop 7, the result being thatwhen a bufing or pulling strain is exerted on the draw-bar b' said pairsof friction members are rotated in opposite directions, thus affording africtional resistance against each other as well as against thefollowers 8 and 9 and the plates` 18 and 19. If desired, however, saidca -surfaces 35 may be located on the car-body'instead of on the yoke,for, as hereinafter stated, even said yoke is not an essential elementto the use of my improvement and may be dispensed with, thusnecessitating the location of said cam-surfaces on other adjacent parts.

In Fig. 12 I have illustrated in detail side elevation theretaining-plates 18 and 19 and central bolt 20 for the springs 16 and17,said parts being shown separate to illustrate clearly how saidsprings may be handled separately and inserted in or removed from thedraft-rigging under tension, the n ut 22 alfording a means foraccurately adjusting this tension.

In Figs. 17 to 20 I have illustrated an application of my novelprinciple of rotary friction resistance to a car-truck as an auxiliaryto the springs thereon. In said figure, 35 denotes the Aframe of thetruck au d 36 the truckbolster, the usual springs 37 and 38 beinginclosed between the two friction members 39 and 40, the latter beingcup-shaped and the member 39 being adapted to telescope within themember 40. Said member 39 is provided with exterior diagonallyarrangedlugs 41, adapted to engage with corresponding inte rior grooves 42 inmember 40, whereby said members are forced to rotate when telescoped. Inorder to increase the friction surfaces somewhat, I preferably corrugatethe same circularly, as shown, their engaging parts being similarlycorrugated. Furthermore, in this construction I have dispensed with theconnecting-plates 1S and 19 and provide a plate 43, carrying a verticalstern 44, substantially filling the space within the inner spring 38 toprevent any reduction in diameter of the springs 37 and 38 undercompression and also to act as a guide for the same. I prefer to makethecupshaped members 39 and 40 of such depth that when they telescope theywill seat themselves within each IOO IIO

evoeo other before the springs 37 and 38 reach the limit of theircompression, thus forming a stop for said springs.

I wish it to be understood that in any of the hereinbefore-describedconstructions one of the friction members may be fixed or immovable,which will result in a rotation of the other member twice the distance,thus accomplishing practically the same result. Furthermore, my improvedconstruction may be applied with equal facility to the wellknown tandemform of springs in draft-rigging by simply duplicating the constructionshown in Figs. I, 6, or 13, as will lbe readily understood, or it mayalso be applied to the well-known draft-bolt construction, in which noyoke 7 is employed, the draft-bolt in such instance taking the place ofthe bolt 20 of Figs. l to 16.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination with a spring oiH springs, and mechanism connectedtherewith, the whole adapted to resist either a pulling or a bufngstrain, of a friction resistance auxiliary thereto, the same beingproduced by a rotary movement of Aa friction member or members', andoperating in conjunction with a compression strain alone on said springor springs, substantiallyas set forth.

2., In combination with a spring or springs adapted to be compressedunder a str ain, but not subjected tov torsional strain,l a plurality offriction members adapted to engagewith each other, and means forrotating said members against friction-surfaces as said spring orsprings are compressed, substantiallynas set forth.

3. In combination with a spring or springs adapted to be compressedunder a strain, but not subjected to torsional strain, a' plurality offriction members engaged with each other, said friction members adaptedto move toward and from each other and to be rotated againstfriction-surfaces by their engagement with each other during thecompression and expansion of said spring or springs, substantially asset forth.

et. In a draft-rigging, an inclosing loop or yoke, a compression springor springs therein, the ends thereof being free so as to be subjected tono torsional strain, followers at the ends of said spring or springs,and a friction member or members adapted to move with said followersduring the compressing strain on said spring or springs and to berotated against friction-surfaces during said movement, substantially asset forth;

5. In a draft-rigging', an inclosing yoke or loop, a compression springor springs therein, the ends thereof being free so as to be subjected tono torsional strain, followers at the ends of said\spring or springs,and friction members engaging with each other and adapted to move withsaid followers and to be rotated against friction-surfaces by theirengagement with each other, substantially as set forth.

6. In a draft-rigging, an inclosing yoke or loop, a compression springor springs therein, the en/ds thereof being free so as to be subjectedto no torsional strain, followers at the ends of said spring or springs,and friction members adapted to move with said followers and havingdiagonally-arranged slots and \lu gs adapted to engage with each otherwhereby said friction members are rotated as they move toward or fromeach other, substantially as set forth.

i7. In a draft-rigging, followers, an inclosing yoke or loop, acompression spring or springs therein, retaining-plates at the ends ofsaid spring or springs, and a through-bolt centrally within said springor springs and retaining said plates together, substantially as setforth.

8. In a draft-rigging, an inclosing yoke or Yloop, a compression springor springs therein,

'retaining-plates at the ends of said spring or springs, a through-boltcentrally within said spring or springs and retaining said platestogether, followers, and a plurality of friction members adapted to movewith said'followers, and means for rotating said members during saidmovement against the adjacent parts and each other, substantially as setforth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ROBERT E. L. JANNEY.

Witnesses:

W. B. ARRINGTON, E. D. GRANT.

IOO

